My Sketetarian Ways

I have been an “on again, off again” vegetarian for at least the last 10 years.  Like so many things, I used to be pretty hard on myself about it but have come to accept that things aren’t black and white all the time (though even that is up for debate, depending on the way you see things/life).

At any rate, one of my friends (who happens to be a vegetarian) recently pointed out to me that there is a big difference between a “meatless” option and a vegetarian or vegan one.  This might seem obvious, but I started thinking about how this plays out in my life.  Unfortunately there tends not to be vegetarian protein options at many restaurants.  Not that I eat out very often but it is discouraging when your only option at Subway is a veggie sub that only has vegetables and sauce on it (or cheese if you are into that).  I guess if you eat eggs and don’t mind drowning in mayo, you can opt for the egg salad or one of the breakfast wraps (which are delicious BTW). Don’t get me wrong, I love Subway – it is actually one of the few fast food joints I will actually eat at but do I need to bust out a Tupperware container with my own tofu or tempeh to make it a complete meal?

On the flip side, I also don’t understand why people who eat meat need to eat it at every meal.  There are plenty of vegetarian meals that everyone enjoys regardless of their overall food choices.  Minestrone soup, bean salad, baked beans with rice, tabouli salad, curry with rice, oatmeal, toast and peanut butter….you get my point.  Unfortunately, this only adds to my frustration when I am on the road or out with friends and I am forced to choose between a processed vegetarian burger on a white bun, a garden salad, or something smothered in cheese.

My solution (for now)?  Order something healthy that has lean meat.  I would rather have something healthy and fresh than something processed or heart-attack worthy, regardless of the meat situation.  I realize this makes me a pretty sketchy vegetarian (aka sketchetarian) but I never said I was “perfect” at anything.  My main motivation behind eating a plant-based diet is lowering my carbon footprint and being healthier.

Living in a culture where eating meat is still the norm can sometimes make it challenging to be a vegetarian or a vegan.  I think it’s getting better with the recent gluten-free, raw food, cleansing, fasting, local food, organic, etc. trends because people are starting to think more about what they are eating and are trying to eat real food (which should not be a luxury or a challenge).  But for those of us who do not live in Toronto (or even a city at all) where options abound, it can be even more challenging to find suitable meals unless you make them yourself.  You may not agree with me but I would much rather eat a salad with chicken than without it and in all seriousness, I don’t run around with Tupperware containers in coolers anymore – instead I’ve got a diaper bag and a boatload of academic papers to read.  I don’t eat out that much anyway.

Anyway, I really hope that it does become easier to be a vegetarian and that people realize it doesn’t have to be an all or nothing choice all the time, especially if you are just beginning your adventure into plant-based nutrition.

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

Secret Ingredient Smoothies

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERAThe other day I was freezing food in ice cube trays for my little guy and it dawned on me that this would be an awesome technique for making extra creamy smoothies.  Generally I peel and freeze bananas or add frozen fruit but I decided to blend banana and avocado for this smoothie secret ingredient.  It turned out awesome!

Step 1: Mash up 2 ripe bananas and 1 ripe avocado

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2. Scoop into a clean ice cube tray

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3. Stick in the freezer until frozen. Then pop them out and stick them in a freezer bag (and back in the freezer).  When you make your next shake simply throw in a few cubes and enjoy your extra creamy (and delicious) smoothie!

Have a wonderful & healthy day!

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

What to Eat when you have no Time

Although I love to cook elaborate recipes and experiment in the kitchen, these days I simply don’t have enough time to do that.  Whether you are time-crunched or simply would rather be doing something other than slaving over a 20-step recipe, here are some simple ways to make a healthy meal in a snap.

1. Use frozen vegetables.  Many of my clients are surprised when I tell them that frozen veggies are close to fresh ones in terms of nutritional value.  They are already washed, peeled, chopped, and ready to go, saving you tons of prep time.  Simply add to your whole wheat pasta or stirfry dish and you are a step ahead of the game!  Another benefit is that you won’t have to worry about them going bad (unless you leave them in your freezer for ages).

2. Cook in batches. It doesn’t take that much more effort to cook a big pan of something or a big crockpot full of chili.  Save time by cooking in bulk and then freezing some for later.

3. Simple snacks.  Unless you are preparing for a physique competition or have some other reason to be really particular about your food, always having healthy snacks on hand is a sure-fire life saver for busy people.  Whether it’s a mason jar of raw almonds and a bucket of fresh apples from the local farmer’s market or hummus and carrot sticks, there are many easy things that you can have “on tap” and grab on the go. Generally I am not a huge fan of store-bought granola bars or regular yogurts (Greek yogurt is way better) unless you are really active because they are loaded with sugar.  (Honey, agave, maple syrup, whatever is still sugar.  Your body doesn’t care if it is organic blah blah blah sugar or processed white sugar).  

4. Always take your water bottle.  I really dislike bottled water because it creates so much extra waste.  If you take your own water bottle, you can stay hydrated without adding unnecessary calories, chemicals, or spending extra money. Winning.

5. Super smoothies.  As a new mom with a crazy schedule, there are times when all I really have time for is a protein shake.  Try to use fresh ingredients and keep the protein content high.  There are tons and tons of ways to make smoothies.  My favorite is to use 1 cup of unsweetened almond milk, 1 scoop vanilla protein powder, some frozen fruit, and 2 tsp UDOs oil.  Sometimes I also add ground flaxseed or hemp hearts.  Natural nut butter, banana, and chocolate protein is also a yummy combo!  Experiment, google search, and enjoy!

Hope you are having a fantastic weekend~!  I have to get back to the books ;)

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

Black Bean Garlic Pesto

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This easy high-protein pesto packs a lot of kick and makes a delicious and versatile spread or sauce to pump up the volume on your everyday fare.  From sandwiches to pasta dishes,  this little number will jazz up your next meal.

Ingredients:

  • 1 cup fresh basil leaves
  • 1/2 clove of garlic (or more if you like)
  • 1 cup black beans (I soak and cook my own but you can also use canned)
  • juice from 1 lemon
  • salt to taste
  • 2 Tbsp UDO’s oil (high in Omega 3)

Method:

1. Gather all of your ingredients

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2. Put everything into a food processor

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3.Blend until smooth.

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Enjoy!  Happy Monday!

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

Immune Function & High-Intensity Exercise

Stress-ZebraStripes

When it comes to training there is a delicate balance between over-reaching and overtraining.  While short periods of high-intensity training can be beneficial, it is detrimental to train at that intensity all the time.  More is not always better.

One of the risks of overtraining is that you are more likely to get sick.  There appears to be a U-shaped relationship between training volume (in particular, intensity) and immune function (as shown in figure 1).  In other words, moderate intensity exercise has immune-boosting effects while high intensity exercise can compromise immune function.  This isn’t to say that you shouldn’t do high intensity exercise.  However, you may want to consider taking some extra measures to improve recovery and prevent an infection so that you can get the most from your training efforts.

What is recommended?

  • Periodization.  Regardless of your training goal, you should be including some easy days or rest days into your workout plan.  There should also be weeks when you back off from training really hard.  This allows your body to repair and build on the work that you’ve done and get ready for the next phase of hard training.  Periodization can actually be quite complex so if you’re not an exercise specialist, you may want to consider consulting one (I recommend those with a CSEP or CSCS certification).
  • Adequate sleep.  This will vary from person to person but you may need to catch some extra shut eye during periods when you are training hard
  • Post-workout carbohydrates.  After intense training, it is recommended to eat ~60g of fast-absorbing carbohydrate.  This will go into your muscles and help with repair and recovery.  This is especially important if your main goal is performance.   On the other hand, if your goal is aesthetic or you’re looking to lean down in the off-season, you may not want to eat carbs after your workouts – this will force your body to use fat and convert it to glucose instead. The downside is that your recovery and performance will suffer a little bit so be sure to take advantage of some of the other strategies if you are eating low carb.
  • Supplement with Quercetin (kware-se-tin) – this flavonoid is found in many plants and has been shown to have a positive effect on the human immune system.  Take advantage of its anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties try including some of these foods into your diet: black or green tea, apples, sweet potatoes, kale, red onion, broccoli, black plums, and berries.  Quercetin is also available as an herbal supplement which may be useful if you are undergoing a period of high-intensity training.
  • Greens powder.  Even if you eat lots of fruits and vegetables, the quality of our soil just isn’t the same as it once was, therefore if you can swing it I recommend taking a daily greens powder to help you get all of the vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that help your cells function at their best.
  • Parasympathetic system activation.  Your nervous system has two complementary systems: the sympathetic nervous system is in charge of the fight or flight response and the parasympathetic nervous system is in charge of relaxation.  Most people overtax their sympathetic system to start with and intense training is another stressor on your body, therefore it is important to find ways to calm down and restore the balance.   When the parasympathetic system is in charge, your body is better able to digest food better, fight infections, and repair and build those muscles you’ve been working so hard.  Some things that work for me are listening to ocean sounds, progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, and mindfulness meditation.  Find what works for you.

Remember, training is when you break down your body.   You can’t just keep beating it down without giving it the materials and the downtime to recover and get tougher!   Train smarter, not just more ;)

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

 

References:

Jones HP. Immune cells listen to what stress is saying: Neuroendocrine receptors orchestrate immune function. Psychoneuroimmunology 2012;934, 77-87.

Walsh NP, Gleeson M, Pyne DB, Nieman DC, Dhabhar FS, Shephard RJ, Oliver SJ, Bermon S, Kajeniene A. Position statement. Part two: Maintaining immune function. Exerc Immunol Rev 2011;17:64-103.

How to Manipulate your Cortisol Levels

Stress is a normal part of life but too much can be detrimental to your health and contribute to excess body fat.  One hormone that is influenced by stress levels is Cortisol.  Without getting into the gritty physiological details, here’s a brief overview of how cortisol regulation works in your body:

What is cortisol exactly?

Cortisol is the chemical that is in charge of your body’s stress response.  Think of it like the stress response Sergeant.  When your body is under stress, a whole bunch of chemical reactions happen to tell your adrenal cortex to release Cortisol.

What is Cortisol’s job?

When your body is under stress, Cortisol makes sure that you have enough energy by:

  1. Increasing blood sugar (via gluconeogenesis of oxaloacetate)
  2. Increasing glycogen stores in the liver

Cortisol also helps manage sodium and potassium levels in cells

NEGATIVE EFFECTS:

  • Weakens your immune system by blocking T-cell function
  • Dampens inflammatory response by decreasing histamine release
  • Excess Cortisol can cause memory loss by damaging the hippocampus region of your brain

Daily Hormone Cycle –  First, it is important to recognize that cortisol has natural fluctuations throughout the day.  It is highest during the morning, about 30 min after waking up and lowest in the evening.

Cortisol is not all bad.  In the short term, increased cortisol levels promote energy release to help us meet the demands of the day. However, if cortisol levels remain too high for an extended period of time, it can have detrimental effects.

According to the model of reward based stress eating (Adam & Epel, 2007) the high cortisol level that result from prolonged exposure to stress has direct and indirect effects on the reward system.  Greater sensitization of the reward system can lead to excessive intake of really delicious food (usually things that aren’t good for us but taste good).  It is this combination of high cortisol, dense calories, and high insulin that results in fat storage.

cortisol and body fat

From Adam & Epel, 2007.

Now the fun part!  How can you lower your cortisol levels?

  • Get enough sleep
  • Sleep in on weekends
  • Avoid working out in the morning when cortisol levels are highest (working out is a stressor too so this will just increase your cortisol levels more!)
  • Find time for relaxation 
  • Reduce chronic worry            
  • Laugh often!                                                                                                                       

~Live Inspired~!

Emily

Adam, T. C. & Epel, E. S. (2007). Stress, eating, and the reward system.  Physiology and Behavior, 91, 449-458.

Hormones 101- Part 1

hormones

Intuitively I think we recognize that our body’s hormones influence our health and body composition but sometimes we forget how important they are.  For example, diabetics know all too well the relationship between blood sugar levels and insulin.  Melatonin helps regulate our sleeping, adrenaline kicks us into high gear during a perceived threat, ans sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen, among others) influence everything from body composition to reproduction.

In the next few posts I’m going to take a look at a few key hormones and some strategies that can help you take advantage of your physiology.

So first thing’s first.  What are hormones?

Hormones are chemicals that tell your cells to do things.   The endocrine system is in charge of making and releasing hormones in response to certain things (such as stress, time of day, what you eat, exercise, etc.)  It is made up of several glands including the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive organs (ovaries and testes), and also includes the pancreas.

Next, we will take a look at cortisol, commonly referred to as “the stress hormone”.

~Live Inspired~!

Emily